The 12 Days of (Home Inspection) Xmas: Part 2

Five Golden Rings of Electrical Safety
Electrical is probably the most important part of an inspection: while there is no doubt there is an issue when there is a waterfall in the kitchen or a large horizontal crack in the foundation, electrical issues can be difficult to detect by the untrained eye. Here are five that I always look for:
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Single strand aluminum branch circuits: Not all aluminum wiring is problematic; it's commonly used for electrical conduction due to its cost-effectiveness and lightweight nature. I also look for Knob & Tube (K&T) although it has largely been removed and replaced over the years. 
Inspection of Electrical Receptacles: Checking a representative sample for missing grounds, reverse polarity, and signs of arcing, such as burn marks. 

Remnants of former knob & tube electrical wire.

This receptacle should be replaced.

Reporting on the status of Ground Fault (GFCI) and Arc Fault (AFCI) Circuit interrupters: Building and Electrical Codes evolve; retroactive changes are rare. In spite of this, I always suggest updating electrical systems to the latest standards. 
Assessing DIY Modifications: Any signs of makeshift "improvements," like the use of extension cords for permanent power supply, are noted.
System Overview: Assessing the entire system for adequate amperage, checking for undersized wires (oversizing is acceptable but wasteful), and ensuring no reasons exist for the power utility and insurance company to refuse service to the home.

Six Geese-a-Laying Insulation Tips
In older homes, insulation sometimes becomes an issue due to DIY attempts. While modern homes adhere to updated building codes, some retrofits fall short. For instance, in one inspection of an older brick house, the added insulation was carelessly installed, defeating its purpose. Remember, proper insulation traps air in pockets; compressing it renders it ineffective. Wet fiberglass insulation? Only fit for the trash. More insulation is beneficial, but not when compressed to squeeze more in.

This compression will reduce the R-value of fibreglass insulation.

Seven Swans-a-Swimming in Plumbing
Plumbing installations by professionals are generally sound, but ongoing maintenance is crucial. Homeowners need to realize that sinks and drains aren't infinite voids. Disposing of inappropriate materials like baby wipes or bacon grease can lead to plumbing issues brewing for years, suddenly surfacing as household disasters.

Eight Maids-a-Milking Moisture Concerns
Moisture is the ultimate nemesis of homes, fostering rot, mould, and significant damage. The following proactive measures are key:

• Swift cleanup of spills or leaks
• Maintaining clear HVAC lines
• Controlling indoor humidity (use dehumidifiers in summer)
• Utilizing kitchen and bathroom fans effectively
• Ensuring the home isn't susceptible to water paths
• Implementing alterations like drainage systems to manage water flow
• Installing rain gutters and downspouts to redirect water from the foundation

Stay tuned next week when we conclude this Christmas theme blog and look at four more inspection items.